That’s it. I’m done. It’s time for me to say goodbye.

November 2, 2017 By scottdm 3 Comments

Ending psychotherapy.

Whether formal or informal, planned or unplanned, it’s going to happen every time treatment is initiated.

What do we know about the subject?

Nearly 50% of people who start, discontinue without warning. At the time they end, half have experienced no meaningful improvement in their functioning or well-being. On the other hand, of those who do continue, between 35-40% experience no measurable benefit despite continuous engagement in lengthy episodes of care.

Such findings remind me of the lyrics to the Beatles’ tune, “Hello Goodbye.”

“You say yes, I say no;

You say stop and I say go, go, go, oh no!

Hello, hello?

I don’t know why you say goodbye, I say hello.”

Here’s another key research finding: the most effective therapists have significantly more planned terminations.

In a recent study, Norcross, Zimmerman, Greenberg, and Swift identified eight core, pantheoretical processes associated with successful termination. You can read the article here. Better yet, download and begin using the “termination checklist”–a simple, yet helpful method for ensuring you are putting these evidence-based principles to work with your clients. Best of all, listen to my recent interview with John Norcross, Ph.D., the study’s first author, as we discuss how therapists can master this vitally important part of the therapeutic experience.

Something BIG is Happening: The Demand for Routine Outcome Measurement from Funders

October 16, 2017 By scottdm 2 Comments

Something is happening. Something big.

Downloads of the Outcome and Session Rating Scales have skyrocketed.

The number of emails I receive has been steadily increasing.

The subject? Routine outcome measurement. The questions:

Where can I get copies of your measures?

Paper and pencil versions are available on my website.

What is the cost?

Individual practitioners can access the tools for free. Group licenses are available for agencies and healthcare systems.

Can we incorporate the tools into our electronic healthcare record (E.H.R.)?

Three companies are licensed and authorized to provide an “Application Program Interface” (or API) for integrating the ORS, SRS, data aggregation formulas, and feedback signals directly into your E.H.R. Detailed information and contact forms are available in a special page on my website.

What evidence is available for the validity, reliability, and effectiveness of the measures?

Always a good question! Since the tools were published seventeen years ago, studies have multiplied. Keeping up with the data can be challenging as the tools are being used in different settings and with diverse clinical populations around the world.

Each year, together with my colleague, New Zealand psychologist, Eeuwe Schuckard, we add the latest research to a comprehensive document available for free online, titled “Measures and Feedback.”

Additionally, the tools have been vetted by an independent group of research scientists and are listed on the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration’s National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices.

How can I (or my agency) get started?

Although it may sound simple and straightforward, this is the hardest question to answer. There is often a tone of urgency in the emails I receive, “We need to measure outcomes now,” they say.

I nearly always respond with the same advice: the fastest way to succeed is to go slow.

We’ve learned a great deal about implementation over the last 10 years. Getting practitioners to administer outcome measures is easy. I can teach them how in less than three minutes. Making the process more than just another, dreary “administrative task” takes time, patience, and persistence.

I caution against purchasing licenses, software, or onsite training. Instead, I recommend taking time to explore. It’s why the reviewers at SAMHSA gave our application for evidence-based status the highest ratings on “implementation support.”

To succeed, start with:

Accessing a copy of the ICCE Feedback Informed Treatment Manual–the single, most comprehensive resource available on using the ORS and SRS. Read and discuss them together with colleagues.
Connect with practitioners and agencies around the world who have already implemented. It’s easy. Join the International Center for Clinical Excellence–the world’s largest online community dedicated to routine outcome measurement.
Send a few key staff–managers, supervisors, implementation team leaders–to the Feedback-Informed Treatment Intensives. The Advanced and Supervision workshops are held back-to-back each March in Chicago. Participants not only leave with a thorough understanding of the ORS and SRS, but ready to kick off a successful implementation at home. I tell people to sign up early as the courses are limited to 35 participants and always sell out a couple of months in advance.

Brave or Foolhardy? Dramatic Implications of a New Psychotherapy Outcome Study

September 4, 2017 By scottdm 15 Comments

Does diagnosis matter?

What about the treatment approach?

Applying particular therapeutic methods to specific psychiatric diagnoses is the considered by many a “best practice”–the core of what some label, “empirically-supported” (EST) or “evidence-based psychological treatments” (EBPT).

Now, imagine a place where diagnosis and prescriptive protocols are not required or even considered essential to clinical practice. A place where practitioners are free–even encouraged–to focus on helping people in whatever way works. More on that in a moment.

In the meantime, consider a study just out in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). Back in 2004, the lead author coined the term, “psychological treatments,” arguing that the future of the field depended on creating a formulary of “psychological treatments…matched to specific forms of pathology.” The impact of this idea on clinical practice is nothing less than staggering. Around the world, practice guidelines and funding for services are based on and restricted to methods applied to specific psychiatric diagnoses.

Participants in the newly released study either were treated with an approach specifically designed for their particular diagnosis or a generic alternative. The results? No difference in outcome at termination or 6-month follow-up! Said another way, diagnostic-specific protocols did not improve the effectiveness of treatment. In their place, the authors promote “transdiagnostic treatment protocols”–a term, I know you will be hearing more about in the future. No need to be confused (or impressed) by the sophisticated sounding name. Given decades of research showing all psychological approaches work equally well, this new one is, if nothing else, is a perfect example of “boldly charging forward into the past.”

The truly revolutionary implication of this study is not mentioned by the researchers: neither psychiatric diagnosis or diagnostic-specific treatments improve the outcome of psychological care. That was the promise. It failed.

Bottom line: it’s time to move on.

That’s exactly what psychologist Birgit Valla has done. The leader of a large, community mental health center in Stange, Norway, Birgit publically announced neither she or her staff would employ psychiatric diagnoses or standardized treatment protocols.

Was she brave or foolhardy? For sure, she had the weight of evidence on her side as well as an unwavering commitment to delivering effective services. Still, she was soon accused of failing to follow the “standard of care.” An investigated was started. Sanctions and a withdrawal of funding were threatened.

What happened next? Watch the interview to find out!